The Plague Doctor, the Pandemic Doctor, and Surgical Protective Clothing

Objectives Infectious diseases have tormented humans for thousands of years, and severe outbreaks led to the devastation entire communities. Even before globalization, parasites pathogens traveled along trade routes with their human hosts. The protective clothing worn by physicians during epidemics serves as a powerful historical record chronicling accepted theories disease transmission treatments. materials designs modern-day equipment reflect contributions surgeons ways doctors protected themselves patients epidemics. Methods Historical texts journal articles were reviewed regarding history, epidemiology, pathophysiology plague, influenza, coronavirus. Results Justinian Plague 540s CE was first pandemic be fully documented began long history plagues through Black Death Middle Ages. Believing that etiology foul-smelling bad air (miasma), wearing dramatic head-to-toe coverings. Heavy boots, pants, coats, gloves, brimmed hats made leather sealed animal fat. Most important infamous face mask glass eye coverings beak filled aromatics intended purify disease-causing vapors. An appreciation droplet theory in 19th century beaked masks obsolete, replacing them cloth masks. Surgeons continued pioneer development gloves gowns, initially protect later patients. Their outfits healthcare workers 20th century. Similar plague doctors, present-day treating suffering from COVID-19 don outwear, although heavy beaked-masks since been replaced disposable fabrics N95 respirator. Conclusions evolution physicians’ iconic 17th doctor hazmat-esque suits reflects substantial advancements detection, treatment, containment communicable diseases. Much this is due dedicated efforts better safeguard well against contained bodily fluids.